How Do Concrete Coatings Work?

Concrete coatings transform dull, porous concrete into a durable, chemically resistant, waterproof, and easy-to-clean surface. Whether it’s epoxy, polyaspartic, or polyurethane, these coatings protect against moisture, stains, chemicals, and heavy wear. But how do they actually work? Let’s break it down.

The Science of Concrete Coatings

1. Surface Preparation: The Foundation for Success

Think of applying a concrete coating like sticking Velcro strips together. If one side is smooth, the Velcro won't grip properly. Similarly, concrete needs a rough, textured surface for the coating to adhere to. This is known as a mechanical bond. We achieve this by diamond grinding or shot blasting the concrete to create microscopic peaks and valleys, known as a Concrete Surface Profile (CSP). The rougher the profile, the stronger the grip.

• ❌ Why Acid Etching Fails – Many DIY kits and low-cost installers use acid etching or pressure washing as a preparation method. While acid etching can clean the surface, it does not create the necessary texture for a strong mechanical bond. The result? The coating may look fine at first but will eventually delaminate, peel, or fail prematurely. Proper grinding or shot blasting is the only way to ensure a long-lasting bond.

2. Mechanical vs. Chemical Bonding

Concrete coatings adhere to the surface in two main ways:

• Mechanical Bond: Like sandpaper gripping wood, coatings physically latch onto the textured surface of the concrete. This is why proper grinding is essential.

• Chemical Bond: Some coatings, such as polyurea and polyaspartic, can chemically fuse with the concrete or previous coating layers, creating an even stronger connection.

Different coatings rely on different bonding methods:

• Epoxy and Polyaspartic Coatings primarily use mechanical bonding, which is why surface prep is so crucial.

• Polyurea Coatings can create a chemical bond, fusing at a molecular level for added strength.

• Concrete Stains and Sealers typically soak into the surface rather than forming a thick layer, providing some durability but less overall protection than coatings.

• Grind and Seal Systems involve polishing the surface before sealing it with a clear or tinted protective layer, offering an alternative for commercial spaces needing a polished look.

3. Application: Layering for Strength and Durability

Once the surface is prepped, the coating is applied in multiple layers:

• Base Coat – This penetrates into the roughened surface and acts as the foundation.

• Flake (Optional) – If adding decorative flakes, they are broadcast into the base coat for texture and appearance.

• Topcoat – A durable, chemical-resistant layer that seals and protects the floor.

4. Topcoat – The Ultimate Protection Layer

The final step is sealing the surface with a topcoat, usually polyaspartic or urethane. This layer provides:

• ✔ UV resistance (prevents yellowing)

• ✔ Chemical & stain resistance (oils, cleaners, gas, etc.)

• ✔ Abrasion resistance (protects from impact & wear)

• ✔ Waterproofing (especially when combined with full-seam caulking)

Weatherstone Epoxy almost always uses a polyaspartic topcoat due to its superior resistance to chemicals, heat, and pressure.

5. Curing: The Hardening Process

As the coating cures, it undergoes a chemical reaction that hardens it into a tough, resilient surface. Depending on the product used, curing can take anywhere from a few hours to several days. Once fully cured, the floor becomes resistant to chemicals, abrasions, impacts, and UV damage.

6. Why Professional Installation Matters

While a well-applied coating can last decades, poorly done coatings often fail due to:

• 🚫 Improper surface prep (coating doesn’t bond)

• 🚫 Cheap DIY or low-quality products (prone to peeling)

• 🚫 Moisture issues (trapped moisture can cause bubbling)

• 🚫 UV exposure on non-UV-resistant coatings (epoxies will yellow in the sun)

DIY kits often fail because they skip proper surface prep or use inferior products that don’t bond well. Additionally, coatings like stains or simple sealers may not provide the same durability, waterproofing, and longevity as a professionally installed epoxy or polyaspartic system. Professional installers like Weatherstone Epoxy ensure that every step is done correctly, resulting in a coating that lasts a lifetime with proper care.

Concrete coatings work by physically gripping the surface like Velcro, chemically bonding where possible, and curing into a rock-solid protective layer. Whether you're looking for epoxy, polyaspartic, grind and seal, or stained concrete, choosing the right method and professional installation will ensure a long-lasting, high-performance surface.

Why Choose Weatherstone Epoxy?

At Weatherstone Epoxy, we ensure proper prep, high-quality materials, and expert installation so your floor looks great and lasts for years. Whether you need a garage, basement, commercial space, or trailer floor coated, we have the expertise to get it done right!

Need a long-lasting, professional concrete coating? Contact Weatherstone Epoxy today for a free quote and transform your floors with epoxy and polyaspartic coatings that last a lifetime!